The webhook system in TutorBot handles all incoming requests from Chatwoot and Stripe with sophisticated deduplication, error handling, and logging. This system ensures reliable message processing and prevents duplicate operations.
┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐
│ Chatwoot │ │ TutorBot │ │ Stripe │
│ │ │ │ │ │
│ - Messages │───▶│ - Webhook │◄───│ - Payments │
│ - Events │ │ - Deduplication│ │ - Webhooks │
│ - Status │ │ - Error Handling│ │ - Events │
└─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘ └─────────────────┘
│
▼
┌─────────────────┐
│ Processing │
│ │
│ - Message │
│ - Payment │
│ - Calendar │
└─────────────────┘
Prevents duplicate processing of the same webhook event, which can occur due to Chatwoot's retry mechanism or network issues.
# Create a unique webhook ID for idempotency
message_id = data.get("id") or data.get("message", {}).get("id")
webhook_id = f"{conversation_id}_{message_id}_{event}"
# Check if we've already processed this exact webhook
import hashlib
webhook_hash = hashlib.md5(webhook_id.encode()).hexdigest()
# Use a simple in-memory cache for webhook deduplication
if not hasattr(cw, 'processed_webhooks'):
cw.processed_webhooks = set()
if webhook_hash in cw.processed_webhooks:
print(f"🔄 Duplicate webhook detected: {webhook_id} - skipping")
return "OK", 200
# Add to processed set (keep last 1000 webhooks)
cw.processed_webhooks.add(webhook_hash)
if len(cw.processed_webhooks) > 1000:
cw.processed_webhooks.clear() # Reset to prevent memory leaks
Unique ID Generation
Hash-Based Tracking
Memory Management
Idempotency
Problem: TypeError: object of type 'NoneType' has no len()
Root Cause: Webhook content could be None, causing length check to fail
Solution:
# Before (causing error):
message_content = data.get("content", "")[:50] + "..." if len(data.get("content", "")) > 50 else data.get("content", "")
# After (fixed):
content = data.get("content", "")
message_content = content[:50] + "..." if content and len(content) > 50 else content or ""
Defensive Programming
None valuesGraceful Degradation
Comprehensive Logging
message_createdincoming (user messages only)conversation_createdcheckout.session.completedpayment_intent.succeededdef verify_webhook(request):
"""Verify Chatwoot webhook signature"""
if not SIG:
print("⚠️ No HMAC secret configured - skipping verification")
return True
signature = request.headers.get('X-Chatwoot-Signature')
if not signature:
print("❌ No signature in webhook")
return False
# Verify HMAC signature
expected_signature = hmac.new(
SIG.encode(),
request.get_data(),
hashlib.sha256
).hexdigest()
return hmac.compare_digest(signature, expected_signature)
def verify_stripe_webhook(payload, signature):
"""Verify Stripe webhook signature"""
if not STRIPE_WEBHOOK_SECRET:
print("⚠️ No Stripe webhook secret configured")
return False
try:
event = stripe.Webhook.construct_event(
payload,
signature,
STRIPE_WEBHOOK_SECRET
)
return True
except Exception as e:
print(f"❌ Stripe webhook verification failed: {e}")
return False
Fast Hash Lookup
Memory Management
Early Returns
Webhook Processing Rate
Memory Usage
Error Rates
Always Handle None Values
# Good
content = data.get("content", "")
if content:
process_content(content)
# Bad
if len(data.get("content", "")) > 0:
process_content(data["content"])
Use Defensive Programming
# Good
conversation_id = data.get("conversation", {}).get("id", "unknown")
# Bad
conversation_id = data["conversation"]["id"]
Comprehensive Logging
print(f"📨 Webhook received: {event_str} | Type: {msg_type} | Conv:{conversation_id}")
Monitor Webhook Health
Regular Maintenance
Backup and Recovery
# Chatwoot Webhook
CW_HMAC_SECRET="your_hmac_secret"
# Stripe Webhook
STRIPE_WEBHOOK_SECRET="whsec_your_stripe_secret"
# Chatwoot webhook - modules/routes/webhook.py
@app.post("/cw")
def cw():
# Main webhook handler - delegates to modules/handlers/conversation.py
from modules.handlers.conversation import handle_message_created
# ... webhook processing logic
# Stripe webhook - modules/routes/stripe.py
@app.post("/webhook/payments")
def stripe_webhook():
# Payment webhook handler - delegates to modules/handlers/payment.py
from modules.handlers.payment import verify_stripe_webhook, handle_payment_success
# ... payment processing logic
# Route registration in main.py
route_webhook.register(app)
route_stripe.register(app)
Duplicate Processing
Verification Failures
Memory Issues
# Check webhook cache size
print(f"Cache size: {len(cw.processed_webhooks)}")
# Check webhook processing
print(f"Webhook ID: {webhook_id}")
print(f"Hash: {webhook_hash}")
# Verify webhook data
print(f"Event: {event}")
print(f"Type: {msg_type}")
print(f"Content: {message_content}")
💡 Tip: The webhook system is critical for reliable operation. Always test webhook handling thoroughly and monitor for errors in production.